The following table lists the cable supported:. This section describes recommended practices for safe and effective installation of the hardware described in this document. To prevent hazardous conditions, follow these safety recommendations while working with this equipment:. Electrostatic discharge can damage equipment and electrical circuitry. Electrostatic discharge occurs when electronic printed circuit cards, such as those used in Installing the Cisco Multiprotocol Synchronus Serial NIM, are improperly handled and can result in complete or intermittent equipment failure.
Always observe the following electrostatic discharge damage ESD prevention procedures when installing, removing, or replacing any electronic printed circuit cards:. The wrist strap and clip must be used correctly to ensure proper ESD protection. Periodically confirm that the resistance value of the ESD-preventive wrist strap is between 1 and 10 megohms Mohm.
This warning symbol means danger. You are in a situation that could cause bodily injury. Before you work on any equipment, be aware of the hazards involved with electrical circuitry and be familiar with standard practices for preventing accidents.
Use the statement number provided at the end of each warning to locate its translation in the translated safety warnings that accompanied this device.
Statement Read the installation instructions before connecting the system to the power source. To reduce the risk of fire, use only No. This unit might have more than one power supply connection. All connections must be removed to de-energize the unit. Only trained and qualified personnel should be allowed to install, replace, or service this equipment. Do not use this product near water; for example, near a bath tub, wash bowl, kitchen sink or laundry tub, in a wet basement, or near a swimming pool.
Never install telephone jacks in wet locations unless the jack is specifically designed for wet locations. Never touch uninsulated telephone wires or terminals unless the telephone line has been disconnected at the network interface. Avoid using a telephone other than a cordless type during an electrical storm. There may be a remote risk of electric shock from lightning. Ultimate disposal of this product should be handled according to all national laws and regulations. When installing or replacing the unit, the ground connection must always be made first and disconnected last.
Before working on equipment that is connected to power lines, remove jewelry including rings, necklaces, and watches. Metal objects will heat up when connected to power and ground and can cause serious burns or weld the metal object to the terminals. Because invisible laser radiation may be emitted from the aperture of the port when no fiber cable is connected, avoid exposure to laser radiation and do not stare into open apertures.
Do not work on the system or connect or disconnect cables during periods of lightning activity. Use caution when connecting cables.
To avoid electric shock, use caution when working near WAN ports. When detaching cables, detach the end away from the router first. Before opening the chassis, disconnect the telephone-network cables to avoid contact with telephone-network voltages.
It provides console level access to multiple Cisco devices for remote configuration and management. For instructions on connecting a console to your router, refer to the documentation that accompanied your router, or refer to the online documentation for your equipment. Perform the following steps to configure. In the below mentioned configuration steps a basic terminal server function is configured using default parameters.
In this case all protocols default. Sets the number of data bits per character that are interpreted and generated by the router hardware. To restore the default value, use the no form of the command.
Use show line command to check all the TTY line summary information. The output contains information about mapping between async interface and line number, the line speed, uses, noise and so on. It gives you the information about the configured or by default parameters on that TTY line. Async lines are not numbered in a linear fashion on the Cisco Series Integrated Service Routers platform. Due to the modular design of these routers, there are fixed line ranges for each slot and each slot is allocated 24 line numbers.
This means that the span of line numbers does not change when you add or remove async lines from other slots. The following table shows the reserved line numbering per slot on Cisco Series Integrated Service Routers platforms. For Cisco Series Integrated Service Routers platforms, line number for async interface starts from 2.
The intra-building port s of the equipment or subassembly must not be metallically connected to interfaces that connect to the OSP or its wiring. The addition of Primary Protectors is not sufficient protection in order to connect these interfaces metallically to OSP wiring. The intrabuilding cable must be shielded and the shield must be grounded at both ends.
Figure 1. Figure 2. Most SPI devices that are compatible with Arduino come with their own libraries, however, which wrap the SPI library in commands specific to the device in question. The ADXL then continually samples the accelerometer and stores the latest readings in three memory registers. When the controller wants to know those values, it sets the Chip Select CS pin low and sends a request to read those memory registers. When all the data has been received, the controller sets the Chip Select pin high again.
The disadvantage is that the number of wires needed to connect goes up by one for every peripheral device you add to the bus. Related video: I2C. I2C is another popular synchronous serial protocol. It also uses a bus configuration like SPI, but there are only two connections between the controller device and the peripheral devices as shown in Figure Each I2C peripheral device has a unique address on the bus.
The appropriate peripheral then goes into listening mode, and the controller sends a command to the peripheral. Then the controller switches its connection to the SDA line from output to input. The peripheral then replies with the appropriate data, sending each bit on the falling edge of the clock. The I2C data capture in Figure 5 is typical click to enlarge it. All of this data is sent valid on the rising edge of the clock. The peripheral responds with two bytes, 0x0B and 0xC0.
You can find the pins for the various models on the Wire library reference page. The Arduino Wire library allows you to control the I2C bus.
On the Uno rev. Most I2C devices that are compatible with Arduino come with their own libraries which wrap the Wire library in commands specific to the device in question.
Instead, both devices keep their timing independent of each other. Asynchronous communication does not require a timing clock that is common to both devices.
Each device independently listens and sends digital pulses that represent bits of data at an agreed-upon rate. If both devices can transmit and receive at the same time, it is called full-duplex communication.
Half-duplex means that like a walkie-talkie, only one device may communicate at a time and devices take turns transmitting. Sometimes you only need a device that only needs to monitor, or receive, a signal, in which case half-duplex is fine. Asynchronous serial communication is sometimes referred to as Transistor-Transistor Logic TTL serial, where the high voltage level is logic 1, and the low voltage equates to logic 0.
Even so, microcontroller development kits still often use serial communication through a serial port to program the microcontroller using a PC as a host for the programmer. To get around this, USB-to-serial converter cables and drivers are available. RS is a well-known serial protocol that was widely used on PCs, is still in wide use, and uses inverted logic.
What do devices need to communicate asynchronously? To communicate successfully, both devices need to be set up ahead of time regarding some expectations that will enable communication that can be understood on both ends.
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